A Nation Faces Measles: Addressing the Texas Outbreak and Reaffirming Commitment to Public Health
The resurgence of measles, a disease largely relegated to history books in the United States, has triggered alarm bells and prompted urgent action from federal health officials. As Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), I am deeply concerned about the ongoing measles outbreak, particularly in the South Plains region of Texas.
The situation has unfolded rapidly since late January 2025, with the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) reporting 146 confirmed cases. This outbreak has taken a particularly tragic turn with the death of a school-aged child, marking the first measles-related fatality in the nation in over a decade. This loss underscores the gravity of the situation and the urgent need for a comprehensive and coordinated response.
Measles, a highly contagious respiratory illness, poses significant health risks, especially to individuals who have not been vaccinated. The virus spreads easily through infectious droplets released when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes. This ease of transmission makes measles a formidable public health challenge, particularly in densely populated areas.
The initial symptoms of measles often mimic those of a common cold, including high fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes. These symptoms are followed by a distinctive body rash, which is a hallmark of the disease. While most cases of measles are mild, complications can be severe and even life-threatening. These complications include pneumonia, blindness, and encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain.
The introduction of the measles vaccine in the 1960s was a turning point in the fight against this disease. Prior to the vaccine’s widespread use, measles was a ubiquitous childhood illness. Historical data paints a stark picture of the pre-vaccine era. From 1953 to 1962, the United States averaged 530,217 confirmed measles cases and 440 deaths annually. This translated to a case fatality rate of approximately 1 in 1,205 cases. The vaccine dramatically reduced both the incidence and severity of measles, effectively eradicating the disease from the United States in 2000.
The current outbreak in Texas has disproportionately affected children, with 116 of the 146 cases occurring in individuals under 18 years of age. The DSHS reports that 79 of the confirmed cases involved individuals who had not received the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, while 62 cases had unknown vaccine status. A concerning finding is that at least five individuals who contracted measles had previously received an MMR vaccine. This highlights the importance of understanding vaccine effectiveness and the potential for breakthrough infections.
In response to this escalating crisis, I have directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) to collaborate closely with Texas health authorities. Our priority is to provide comprehensive support to contain the outbreak and prevent further spread.
HHS’s efforts encompass a wide range of resources, including technical assistance, laboratory support, vaccines, and therapeutic medications. The CDC is maintaining continuous communication with Texas health officials, ensuring a coordinated and effective response. I have personally engaged with Gov. Greg Abbott and Texas health officials, pledging unwavering support and committing to provide any additional resources needed to bring this outbreak to an end.
Beyond the immediate response, we must address the underlying factors that have contributed to the resurgence of measles. Vaccination rates have declined in recent years, driven by factors such as misinformation, vaccine hesitancy, and barriers to access. As healthcare providers, community leaders, and policymakers, we share a collective responsibility to protect public health by ensuring that accurate information about vaccine safety and efficacy is disseminated. We must engage with communities to understand their concerns, provide culturally competent education, and make vaccines readily accessible to all who want them.
It is also our responsibility to provide up-to-date guidance on available therapeutic medications. While there is no approved antiviral specifically for measles, the CDC has recently updated its recommendation to support the administration of vitamin A under the supervision of a physician for individuals with mild, moderate, and severe infections. Studies have demonstrated that vitamin A can significantly reduce measles mortality, particularly in children.
Parents play a crucial role in safeguarding their children’s health. It is imperative that all parents consult with their healthcare providers to understand their options regarding the MMR vaccine. The decision to vaccinate is a personal one, but it is a decision that should be informed by sound scientific evidence and a clear understanding of the risks and benefits. Vaccines not only protect individual children from measles but also contribute to community immunity, protecting those who are unable to be vaccinated due to medical reasons.
While vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles, other factors also play a role in maintaining overall health and resilience to infectious diseases. Good nutrition is essential for a strong immune system. Vitamins A, C, and D, as well as foods rich in vitamins B12, C, and E, should be part of a balanced diet.
Healthcare professionals on the front lines of this outbreak are working tirelessly to treat affected individuals and prevent further transmission. Their dedication and resilience are commendable, and they deserve our unwavering support. It is essential that we provide them with the resources and backing they need to continue their vital work.
The measles outbreak in Texas is a call to action for all of us to reaffirm our commitment to public health. By working together – parents, healthcare providers, community leaders, and government officials – we can prevent future outbreaks and protect the health of our nation. Under my leadership, HHS is and will always be committed to radical transparency to regain the public’s trust in its health agencies.
For more information about measles, please visit the CDC’s official website or contact your local health department.
