The Struggle for Basque Farming: Preserving a Cultural Legacy
In the verdant foothills of the Pyrenees, nestled in the quaint village of Iholdy, farmer Daniel Barberarena stands witness to a somber trend that is slowly eroding the fabric of his community.
"Since I started in 1986, that one down there has closed, and those over there…" Barberarena points towards the neighboring farms, their once-vibrant fields now fallow. "Only about thirty remain in the village, but we risk losing another seven or eight soon…"
Barberarena’s voice carries a palpable sense of loss as he contemplates the dwindling presence of farming in his homeland. At 61, he prepares to retire this summer, but not without a glimmer of hope. Two of his four children, his son Kaiet and daughter Kattina, have taken up the mantle.
"Kaiet, 28, joined me in 2022 with a plan to raise ‘kintoa’ pigs," says Barberarena. "He produces exceptional hams, bacon, and sausages, which he sells at the market and will soon offer in a shop we’re setting up."
Kaiet’s entrepreneurial spirit and dedication to traditional Basque cuisine breathe new life into the family farm. His sister Kattina, 25, has recently embarked on a mentorship program that will prepare her to take over the operation.
"This program allows young farmers to work alongside experienced professionals like myself," explains Barberarena. "It provides them with invaluable training and support as they transition into this demanding field."
The Barberarena children represent a rare breed in today’s agricultural landscape. In the face of economic pressures, urbanization, and dwindling rural populations, many young people are drawn to more lucrative and less physically demanding careers.
"It’s not easy to be a farmer," acknowledges Kaiet. "The hours are long, the weather can be unpredictable, and the profit margins are often slim. But for us, it’s more than just a job; it’s a way of life."
The Barberarenas’ commitment to farming extends beyond their own operation. They are actively involved in Euskal Herriko Laborantza Ganbara, the Basque Farmers’ Association, where they advocate for the preservation and promotion of Basque agriculture.
"We work to connect farmers with consumers, support sustainable farming practices, and raise awareness about the importance of local food production," says Barberarena.
This collective effort is crucial for the survival of Basque farming. The association provides a platform for farmers to share knowledge, collaborate on projects, and lobby for policies that support their livelihoods.
The decline of farming in Iholdy and countless other Basque communities is a testament to the challenges facing agriculture worldwide. However, the Barberarena family and their commitment to preserving their heritage offer a beacon of hope.
By embracing tradition while adapting to changing times, they are not only ensuring the future of their farm but also safeguarding a vital part of Basque identity. Through their efforts, they inspire others to recognize the irreplaceable value of local food production and the enduring spirit of rural communities.
