Civil Rights Icon Hazel Dukes Dies at 92

Hazel Dukes, a towering figure in the civil rights movement and the esteemed president of the NAACP New York State Conference, has passed away at the age of 92. Her death marks the end of an era for civil rights advocacy, leaving behind a legacy of unwavering dedication to justice, equality, and empowerment for all.

Dukes died peacefully at her home in New York City, surrounded by her loving family, as confirmed in a statement released by the NAACP New York State Conference (NYS NAACP). Affectionately known as "Ma Dukes" or "Queen Mother" by many, she dedicated over seven decades of her life to championing fundamental rights, including voting rights, economic development, fair housing, and access to quality education.

The NAACP, in a joint statement, expressed the profound impact Dukes had on the organization and the movement as a whole. "From leading our National organization to carrying our New York State Conference, serving as a passionate voice on our National Board of Directors, and mentoring our youth, there is no corner of the movement that has been untouched by Dr. Dukes’ legacy," the statement read. "While she may have passed on, hers is a legacy that will outlive us all."

From Alabama Roots to New York Leadership

Born in Montgomery, Alabama, Dukes’s early life was undoubtedly shaped by the realities of racial segregation and inequality in the Jim Crow South. In the 1950s, she moved to New York with her family, where she quickly became actively involved in the burgeoning movement for racial equity. Her focus spanned critical areas such as healthcare, education, and housing, addressing the systemic disparities that disproportionately affected marginalized communities.

Her commitment and effectiveness soon caught the attention of national leaders. President Lyndon B. Johnson recognized her talent and passion, selecting her to work for the Head Start program. This federally funded initiative provided early childhood education and support to low-income children, a cause that resonated deeply with Dukes’s belief in the power of education to uplift communities and break cycles of poverty.

A Trailblazing Leader in the NAACP

Dukes shattered barriers and ascended to leadership positions within the NAACP, a testament to her exceptional skills and unwavering dedication. In 1990, she succeeded Enolia McMillan as president, becoming one of the few women to hold this prestigious role within the organization. She served as president until 1992, leaving an indelible mark on the NAACP’s strategic direction and impact.

Beyond her presidential tenure, Dukes remained a vital force within the NAACP, serving on the National Board of Directors and, most notably, as president of the NYS NAACP from 1977 until her death. Her decades-long leadership in New York State solidified her reputation as a tireless advocate for local communities and a powerful voice for social justice within the state’s political landscape.

Recognition and Honors

Dukes’s extraordinary contributions to justice and activism were widely recognized throughout her lifetime. She received numerous honors and awards, including the National Coalition of 100 Black Women’s Candace Award for community service and the Ellis Island Medal of Honor for her patriotism and philanthropy. These accolades reflected the broad scope of her impact, from local community initiatives to national-level advocacy.

In 2020, Dukes achieved a unique milestone, becoming the first civilian in the United States to administer the oath of office to a governor. This historic moment underscored her deep connections to the state’s leadership and her trusted role as a figure of integrity and civic responsibility.

A Persistent Voice for Justice

Even in her later years, Dukes remained an outspoken advocate against police brutality and a champion for adequate healthcare in underserved neighborhoods. Her unwavering commitment to these causes demonstrated her enduring passion for creating a more just and equitable society for all.

In 2023, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton presented Dukes with the NAACP’s highest honor, the Spingarn Medal. This prestigious award recognized her lifetime of service and her significant contributions to the advancement of civil rights.

In her acceptance speech, Dukes reflected on the challenges and triumphs of her long career. "These 70 years have not been easy; they have been filled with pain, hardships, and tribulations," she acknowledged. "But the struggles of those who paved the way serve as a powerful reminder that we must take bold steps to confront racism and tirelessly advocate for civil rights."

Tributes and Remembrance

News of Dukes’s passing sparked an outpouring of tributes from political leaders and community members alike. New York Governor Kathy Hochul, whom Dukes had the honor of swearing into office, expressed her deep personal connection to the civil rights leader. "She called me her daughter. That means the world to me," Hochul said in a statement. "Her contributions to making our state and our country more just, more equitable, and more fair are impacts that will long endure after her passing."

New York City Mayor Eric Adams described "Ma Dukes" as a "true trailblazer who dedicated her life to uplifting our community." He added, "For over 40 years, Ma Dukes has been an unwavering presence in my life — a trusted advisor, a cherished friend, and a guiding light during some of my most challenging times. New York City has lost a giant, but heaven has gained a warrior."

Nassau County Executive Bruce Blakeman also shared his condolences to Dukes’s family, noting that she had been a longtime resident of Nassau County and held important positions in the local government.

In recognition of her extraordinary life and legacy, Hochul, Adams, and Blakeman all ordered flags to be lowered at half-staff throughout the state and city.

Hazel Dukes is survived by her son, Ronald Dukes. Her passing leaves a void in the civil rights community, but her legacy of unwavering dedication, courageous advocacy, and tireless commitment to justice will continue to inspire generations to come. She leaves behind a powerful example of how one person can make a profound difference in the lives of countless others and shape the course of history.